Who is Krampus?
Everything you should know about this traditional and sinister figure of South Tyrol's Advent
The Krampus is a "Christmas devil", drawing its origins from Alpine folklore. Over the last few years, Krampus has gained a lot of popularity in South Tyrol and can be seen on many occasions before Christmastime. According to a folktale passed down from generation to generation, the Krampus is typically depicted as half-goat, half-demon and is said to be defeated by Saint Nicholas. A widespread custom celebrated in the evening of 5 December - St Nicholas' Eve - when Krampus go with St. Nicholas, also known as "San Nicolò" in Italian, down the streets. St. Nicholas rewards good children with gifts, whereas children who have misbehaved are punished by Krampus. Although Krampus origins are usually tied to religious beliefs, this custom presumably goes back to the pagan celebrations of the winter solstice.
What we are absolutely certain about is their terrifying appearance. Before they show up, a deafening noise of heavy cowbells can be heard on the street. Krampus arrive shortly after the roar to frighten naughty children and not only them. From their human-like heads, animal horns emerge. Their bodies are covered in thick and bad-smelling fur of animals, and on their feet they wear chains. Costumes are adorned with heavy cowbells, usually tied around the waist. Having their faces hidden behind a mask and holding a bundle of birch sticks in their hands, they're really threatening. In some areas of South Tyrol, Krampus wear a balaclava with a long red tongue. The most widespread masks are, however, the horrific demon masks carved in wood by expert sculptors.
There are many parades during the Advent season to see Krampus roaming the streets of South Tyrol's towns and discover the different sizes and forms of their scary costumes and masks. Sometimes the demon-like beasts go after St. Nicholas to reward children with gifts. At other times, standing behind barriers, you can witness to the passage of thousands of Krampus and immerse yourself in a eerie atmosphere. We recommed you watch the parades in Toblach/Dobbiaco, Merano/Meran, Bolzano/Bozen, if you're interested in the terrifying spectacle of Krampus in South Tyrol.
